Further feminist theory

1) What definitions are offered by the factsheet for ‘feminism ‘and ‘patriarchy’?

Feminism: A movement which aims for equality for women - to be treated as equal to men socially, economically and politically.

Patriarchy: Male dominance in society.
2) Why did bell hooks publish her 1984 book ‘Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center’?

She had distributed her book because of an absence of assorted variety inside the female development and contended that these different voices had been underestimated, being outside the primary collection of women's liberation.

3) What aspects of feminism and oppression are the focus for a lot of bell hooks' work?

She challenged women's activists to concentrate on sexual orientation's relations to sex, race, class, and intersectionality. She contends that male incorporation inside the development is imperative and urges men to do their part. 

4) What is intersectionality and what do hooks argue regarding this?

Intersectionality is utilised to portray covering or crossing social characters and related frameworks of mistreatment, control or segregation. 

5) What did Liesbet van Zoonen conclude regarding the relationship between gender roles and the mass media?

He reasons that there is a solid connection among sexual orientation and correspondence. He trusts the broad communications has such a great amount of intensity in the media world that they impact and cause sexual orientation separation. 

6) Liesbet van Zoonen sees gender as socially constructed. What does this mean and which other media theorist we have studied does this link to?

Judith Butler trusts that sexual orientation is a develop. The conviction of this stems from the media and publicising planting the thought in people groups minds that specific sexual orientations like a particular kind of shading or item. Sex is viewed as continually changing and can adjust in various ways. 

7) How do feminists view women’s lifestyle magazines in different ways? Which view do you agree with?

A few ladies contend that ladies' magazines are business gadgets that misrepresent the intrigue of ladies and their gentility. They trust that these unachievable bodies drive down confidence. The contention is that ladies accept is that magazines let them know 'how to be the ideal mother, darling, spouse, homemaker, secretary-whatever suits the requirements of the framework'.

8) In looking at the history of the colors pink and blue, van Zoonen suggests ideas gender ideas can evolve over time. Which another media theorist we have studied argues this and do you agree that gender roles are in a process of constant change? Can you suggest examples to support your view?

Colours suggest what gender a child is and a child is shown from birth what type of color they must like such as pink being female and blue being male. The idea of gender changing is very complex but I believe that it can change as the ideas fo this has changed as the rise of feminism has come to be. 

9) What are the five aspects van Zoonen suggests are significant in determining the influence of the media?
Van Zoonen argues that the influence of the media is dependent on:
• Whether the institution is commercial or public
• The platform upon which they operate (print versus digital media)
• Genre (drama versus news)
• Target audiences
• The place the media text holds within the audiences’ daily lives


10) What other media theorist can be linked to van Zoonen’s readings of the media?

Stuart Hall's reception theory can be linked as it shows the different perceptions of his theory.

11) Van Zoonen discusses ‘transmission models of communication’. She suggests women are oppressed by the dominant culture and therefore take in representations that do not reflect their view of the world. What other theory and idea (that we have studied recently) can this be linked to?

Minorities are found in the media through someones else's observation and not their own discernment. For this situation ladies are given portrayals by media establishments that don't reflect what most of ladies are really similar to.

12) Finally, van Zoonen has built on the work of bell hooks by exploring power and feminism. She suggests that power is not a binary male/female issue but reflects the “multiplicity of relations of subordination”. How does this link to bell hooks views on feminism and intersectionality?

They both have the similar idea that there are multiple elements that lead to oppression - bell hooks argues that race has to play a part fore gender, class and sexual discrimination. 

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